Maharashtra Board Textbook Solutions for Standard Ten

पाठ ८ – ऊर्जाशक्तीचा जागर

Dr. Mashelkar shares some of his childhood memories in this lesson. He fondly remembers his mother’s pivotal role and her determination in educating him, in spite of all the adversities and hardships she had to face. Dr. Mashelkar, in his own words…

 

‘Every time the topic of school and teachers comes up in a conversation, I reminisce about my school days in Mumbai and my beloved teachers. I am greatly indebted to Union High School in Girgaon and my teachers, Bhave sir. Joshi sir and Shirke sir, who nourished my tender mind affectionately, But, before that, I must mention my dear mother and maternal uncle, whose debt cannot be expressed in words, as due to them I got acquainted with that school and those teachers. The mother is the first teacher for every child. And my mother was not only my teacher, but she was everything to me.

 

Our native village and my birthplace are Mashel in south Goa. I still have faint memories of playing on the ground and leisurely chitchatting under the peepal tree in my village. But after my father passed away when I was six years old, we had to leave Mashel in search of a livelihood. I came to Mumbai with my mother. Our financial condition had reached the lowest level of poverty. My mother was little-educated, and I was craving education, but arranging for the school fees was a far-fetched dream for me.

 

However, my mother did not lose courage. She did not break down. She was ready to do any kind of hard work. Meanwhile, my maternal uncle also came for my help, and he got me admission to the Khetwadi municipal school. Like me, even my school faced poverty, but my teachers were very wealthy at heart.

 

After completing primary education, the next hurdle was to pay the fees for high school, which were 21 rupees at the time. My mother took up extra jobs in neighboring houses and started saving money. Coincidentally, one noble lady extended a helping hand, and finally I got admission to Union High School. Despite the hurdles of insufficient space and adverse atmosphere, I pursued my studies sincerely and got good success in exams.

 

In this school, not only the foundation of my education but the foundation of my life got strengthened by virtue of my teachers dedication, their teaching, and above all, their selfless approach. These values instilled in me an intense urge for education.

 

Our high school conducts tests every Saturday. Since our school was also underprivileged, we had to carry our answer papers from home. Each piece of paper cost just 3 paise, but even that small amount used to bring a tear to my mother’s eyes. Whenever I think about it today, I get goose bumps. She toiled for me very hard. One day, she learned about a new job near Congress. She went there and stood in the queue for a long time. But alas, she was told that the work would be given to those who had at least passed the third standard! She returned in despair and made a resolution to educate her son because, without education, there is no recognition in this world. And she turned her dream into reality. I have no words to describe the pain she took to provide me with facilities as basic as writing paper and a pencil.

 

In this very high school, I met Bhave Sir, who taught us physics. He not only developed in us an interest in science, but he also taught us a great philosophy of life.

 

One day, while experimenting, he demonstrated that paper can be burned by passing concentrated solar energy through a lens. Bhave sir said to me, “Mashelkar, if you concentrate all your energy at one point, you can burn anything!” There, I learned the science as well as a valuable life lesson: the mantra of concentration. He can never be forgotten!

 

Like him. I met many teachers during my school and college days, like Joshi Sir, Shirke Sir, and Malegaonwala Str. All of them guided me and nurtured me with their caressing attitudes. My school and my teachers have bestowed upon me immense confidence and strength to face any challenges and lead a life with conscience.

 

Today, when I look back in retrospect, I recollect each moment of my mother’s struggle with poverty. My teachers and my school manifest before me, and I start reliving my school days in my mind once more!

आसुसणे – एखाद्या गोष्टीची तीव्र इच्छा बाळगणे.

अनवाणी – पायात चप्पल न घालता. 

निरपेक्ष – अपेक्षारहित. 

ऋण असणे – उपकार असणे. 

झोकून देणे – पूर्णपणे सहभागी होणे.

कृती

(१) खालील तक्त्यात माहिती भरून तो पूर्ण करा.

IMG 20230810 123729 पाठ ८ – ऊर्जाशक्तीचा जागर

उत्तर:

IMG 20230810 125116 पाठ ८ – ऊर्जाशक्तीचा जागर

(२) आकृती पूर्ण करा.

(अ)

IMG 20230810 123742 पाठ ८ – ऊर्जाशक्तीचा जागर

उत्तर:

IMG 20230810 125131 पाठ ८ – ऊर्जाशक्तीचा जागर

(आ)

IMG 20230810 123754 पाठ ८ – ऊर्जाशक्तीचा जागर

उत्तर:

IMG 20230810 125340 पाठ ८ – ऊर्जाशक्तीचा जागर

(३) कारणे लिहा.

(अ) लेखकाला शिक्षणाबद्दल आंतरिक ओढ निर्माण झाली, कारण ……….

उत्तर: युनियन हायस्कूलमधील शिक्षकांनी केलेले मार्गदर्शन व दिलेले शिक्षण.

 

(आ) लेखकाच्या आईला काँग्रेस हाऊसमध्ये काम मिळाले नाही, कारण ……….

उत्तर: तिथे फक्त तिसरी किंवा त्यापेक्षा अधिक शिकलेल्यांनाच काम दिलं जाई.

 

(इ) लेखकाला गिरगावातील नामांकित शाळांमध्ये प्रवेश मिळाला नाही, कारण ……….

उत्तर: कारण प्रवेश फी ची व्यवस्था होईपर्यंत त्या शाळांमधले प्रवेश बंद झाले होते.

(४) कंसातील शब्दाला योग्य विभक्ती प्रत्यय लावून रिकाम्या जागेत भरा.

(अ) आपण सगळ्यांनी ______ मदत केली पाहिजे. (आई)

उत्तर: आईला

 

(आ) आमच्या बाईंनी प्रमुख ______ आभार मानले. (पाहुणे)

उत्तर: पाहुण्यांचे

 

(इ) शिक्षण पूर्ण झाल्यावर मोहन सरकारी ______ रुजू झाला. (नोकरी)

उत्तर: नोकरीत

उत्तर:

(५) ‘पुसटशा आठवणी माझ्या मनात अधूनमधून वाऱ्याच्या लहरीसारख्या येत असतात.’ 

प्रस्तुत वाक्यातील अलंकार 

(१) उपमा

 

(१) उपमेय 

उत्तर: पुसटशा आठवणी

 

(२) उपमान 

उत्तर: वाऱ्याच्या लहरी

(६) स्वमत.

(अ) ‘भावे सरांचे शब्द हीच खरी माशेलकरांची ऊर्जा’, या विधानाचा तुम्हांला समजलेला अर्थ लिहा. 

उत्तर: भिंगाच्या साहाय्याने सूर्यकिरणांची शक्ती कागदावर एकत्र केल्यास कागद जळतो, हा प्रयोग दाखवून भावे सर लेखकाला म्हणाले ‘माशेलकर तुमची उर्जा एकत्र करा. काहीही जाळता येतं.’ याचाच अर्थ असा की ज्या विषयाचा ध्यास घेतला आहे, त्यात पूर्णपणे स्वतःला झोकून दया, कोणतीही गोष्ट तुम्ही मिळवू शकता. साध्य करू शकता. खरोखरच आयुष्याचं फार मोठं तत्त्वज्ञान लेखकाला भावे सरांच्या शिकवणुकीतून मिळालं. त्यांना एकाग्रतेचा मंत्र मिळाला आणि विज्ञान समजलं. भावे सरांच्या शब्दांतून त्यांना पुढे जाण्याची, प्रगती करण्याची जबरदस्त ऊर्जा मिळाली.

By showing this experiment, if the energy of sun rays is concentrated on paper with the help of a magnifying glass, Bhave sir said to the writer ‘ Mashelkar, concentrate your energy. Anything can burn.’ It means to devote yourself completely to the subject you are passionate about, whatever you can achieve. Indeed, the author got a great philosophy of life from the teachings of Bhave Sir. He got the mantra of concentration and understood science. From Bhave sir’s words, he got tremendous energy to move forward and progress.

(आ) शालेय विद्यार्थ्याच्या भूमिकेतील डॉ. माशेलकर यांचे तुम्हांला जाणवलेले गुणविशेष सोदाहरण लिहा.

उत्तर: शालेय विद्यार्थ्याच्या भूमिकेतील डॉ. माशेलकर यांच्यामध्ये विविध गुणांचे दर्शन होते. माशेलकरांनी त्यांच्या आईची मेहनत, मामाचे सहकार्य व शिक्षकांचे मार्गदर्शन लक्षात ठेवून त्यांच्या या उपकारांचे स्मरण ठेवले आहे. यातून त्यांच्यातील कृतज्ञता हा गुण दिसून येतो. युनियन हायस्कूलमधील शिक्षक मनानं खूप श्रीमंत होते या लेखकाच्या वाक्यातून त्यांची सुजाणता कळून येते. अभ्यासाकरता अपुरी जागा, पूरक वातावरणाचा अभाव असूनही लेखकाने जिद्दीने अभ्यास करत यश मिळवलं. यातून त्यांची जिद्द आणि कष्टाळूपणा अधोरेखित होतो. भावे सरांनी दिलेला एकाग्रतेचा मंत्र अनुसरत लेखकाने आयुष्याची उभारणी केली. यावरून त्यांचा आज्ञापालन हा गुण ठळकपणे जाणवतो. विद्यार्थिदशेतील डॉ. माशेलकरांमध्ये कृतज्ञता, सुजाता, जिद्द, कष्टाळूपणा व आज्ञापालन हे गुण दिसून येतात.

Dr. Mashelkar, in the role of a school student, has various qualities. Mashelkar has remembered his mother’s hard work, his uncle’s support, and his teachers’ guidance. This shows their gratitude. The writer’s statement that the teachers of Union High School were very rich in mind shows their wisdom. In spite of insufficient space for study and a lack of a complementary environment, the writer succeeded in studying stubbornly. This highlights their determination and hard work. The author built his life following the mantra of concentration given by Bhave Sir. This shows their obedience. From the student body, Mashelkars are characterized by gratitude, kindness, determination, hard work, and obedience.

(इ) डॉ. माशेलकर यांची मातृभक्ती ज्या प्रसंगातून ठळकपणे जाणवते, ते प्रसंग पाठाधारे लिहा.

उत्तर: स्वतःचे वडील वारल्यावर आई त्यांना घेऊन मुंबईस खेतवाडीतील देशमुख गल्लीत एका छोट्यासा पहिल्या माळ्यांवर राहिली तरीही लेखकांनी आईस कधी नाही म्हटले नाही. त्याही स्थितीत ते आईबरोबर राहिले.

 

हायस्कूलला शिकण्यास गेल्यावर एकवीस रूपये फी पुढील कॉलेजसाठी प्रवेश मिळवण्यासाठी नव्हती तरीही धीर न सोडता आजूबाजूच्या बिन्हाडांतील काही कामे करून तिने प्रवेश फीची व्यवस्था केली व प्रवेश घेतला. मात्र अशा वातावरणात लेखकांनी जिद्दीने अभ्यास केला.

 

उत्तरपत्रिकेची फी भरण्यासाठीचे फक्त तीन पैसे एवढेही पैसे त्यांच्याकडे नसल्याने मग आईने गावातील अनेक कामे केली. प्रचंड कष्ट केले. पडेल ते काम केले. है पाहून लेखकांच्या मनातील जिद्द अजून वाढली व ते अति जोमाने शिक्षण घेऊ लागले. इत्यादी उदाहरणांतून माशेलकरांची मातृभक्ती ठळकपणे दिसून येते.

After his own father died, his mother took him and lived in a small apartment on the first floor in Deshmukh Galli in Khetwadi, Mumbai, but the writer never said no to Ais. Even so, he stayed with his mother.

 

After going to high school, the fee of twenty-one rupees was not enough to get admission to the next college, but without giving up her patience, she arranged the admission fee by doing some jobs in the nearby Binhads and got admitted. But in such an environment, the writers studied stubbornly.

 

As they did not have enough money to pay the fee for the answer sheet, they had only three paise. Their mother did many chores in the village. She worked hard. It worked. Seeing this, the determination in the writer’s mind increased even more, and he started studying with great vigour. Mashelkar’s motherly devotion is evident from his examples, etc.

(ई) ‘माझ्या जीवनातील शिक्षकाचे स्थान’, या विषयावर तुमचे विचार लिहा.

उत्तर: प्रत्येकाच्या जीवनात आपल्या शिक्षकांचे स्थान फार महत्त्वपूर्ण असते. माझ्याही जीवनात शिक्षकांचे स्थान फार मोठे आहे. त्यांनी केलेल्या संस्कारांमुळे जीवनाला योग्य दिशा मिळाली. आत्मविश्वासाने पुढे जाण्याची शक्ती मिळाली. मी आज ज्या मोठ्या पदावर पोहोचलो आहे ते केवळ माझ्या शिक्षकांच्या मार्गदर्शनामुळेच, म्हणून माझ्या जीवनात माझ्या शिक्षकांचे स्थान फार मोठे आहे.

The place of our teachers is very important in everyone’s life. The role of teachers is very important in my life. Due to his rites, life went in the right direction. Got the strength to move forward with confidence. The great position I have reached today is only due to the guidance of my teachers, so my teachers have a very big place in my life.