Chapter 6 - Entertainment and History
1. (A) Choose the correct option from the given options and complete the statement.
(1) ……… are supposed to be the first keertankar in Maharashtra.
(a) Saint Dnyanehshwar
(b) Saint Tukaram
(c) Saint Namdev
(d) Saint Eknath
Ans: Option (c) – Saint Namdev
(2) Baburao painter made the movie, ………..
(a) Pundalik
(b) Raja Harischandra
(c) Sairandhri
(d) Bajirao-Mastani
Ans: Option (c) – Sairandhri
(B) Identify and write the wrong pair in the following set.
(1) Raigadala Jevha Jag Yete – Vasant Kanetkar
(2) Tilak Ani Agarkar – Vishram Bedekar
(3) Sashtang Namaskar – Acharya Atre
(4) Ekach Pyala – Annasaheb Kirloskar
Ans: The wrong pair is:
Ekach Pyala – Annasaheb Kirloskar
Explanation: Ekach Pyala was written by Ram Ganesh Gadkari.
2. Complete the following chart.
Ans:
3. Write short notes :
(1) Need of entertainment
Ans:
(i) It is essential for the healthy growth of one’s personality.
(ii) Entertainment keeps our minds lively and fresh.
(iii) It makes us feel physically more energetic and gives more work efficiency.
(iv) Pursuing hobbies and games helps in the overall personality development of an individual.
(2) Marathi Theatre
Ans:
(i) A theatre is a place devoted to performances, either solo or collective, of performing arts. The 19th century saw a great development of the Marathi Theatre. Vishnudas Bhave was known as the father of the Marathi Theatre.
(ii) In the initial years, historical and mythological plays were performed along with light farcical plays. The plays had no written script.
(iii) The tradition of having a complete written script began with the play “Thorale Madhavrao Peshwe’ in 1861, written by V. J. Kirtane. This was the beginning of the tradition of having a complete written script ready before staging. At the end of the 19th century, the tradition of musical plays started. Historical themes and social problems were presented through these plays.
(iv) The popular plays by Acharya Atre, like Udyacha Sansar and Gharabaher, helped the Marathi theatre sustain itself through a temporary decline. Vasant Kanetkar, Vishram Bedekar, and Acharya Atre enriched the Marathi theatre.
(3) Entertainment and professional opportunities
Ans:
(i) The media industry is one of the fastest growing industries in the country.
(ii) Its various segments like films, television have witnessed tremendous growth in the last few years.
(iii) The students of history can have access to many professional opportunities in the fields of drama and movies.
(iv) In order to achieve accuracy of arranging backdrops on the stage, deep knowledge of the history of arts and architecture is required.
4. Explain the following statements with reasons.
(1) Expertise in history is important in the film industry.
Ans:
(1) A film comprises several factors such as script, director, artists, makeup, costumes, stage, art design, lighting arrangement, etc.
(ii) In order to achieve accuracy in the fields a deep knowledge of history is important.
(iii) Films actually take the viewers into the era depicted history gives an access to that era creating a visual impact and aura to the viewers.
(2) Bharuds composed by Saint Eknath are popular in Maharashtra.
Ans:
(i) Bharuds are metaphorical songs that have spiritual and ethical lessons.
(ii) Saint Eknath composed Bharuds with a purpose of educating people on various aspects of life.
(iii) Bharuds composed by Saint Eknath are popular in Maharashtra because of its wide range of subjects, dramatic quality, easy rhythm and humour.
5. Answer the following questions in detail.
(1) Why is Maharashtra known as the land that nurtured the Indian film industry?
Ans:
(i) The contribution of Madanrao Madhavrao Pitale, the Patwardhan family of Kalyan and Harishchandra Sakharam Bhatvadekar is very important in the development of Indian movies.
(ii) Dadasaheb Torane, A. E Karandikar, S. N. Patankar, V. E Divekar sought help from foreign technicians and made a movie entitled Pundalik. It was released in Mumbai in 1912.
(iii) ‘Raja Harischandra’ was the first movie to be processed completely in India. It was released in Mumbai in 1913.
(iv) The credit of making a full-length movie goes to Maharashtra.
(v) Therefore Maharashtra is known as the land that nurtured the Indian film industry
(2) What is Powada?
Ans:
(i) Powada is a dramatic narration by altematingly reciting poetry and prosaic extracts. Powada narrates great deeds of heroic men and women in a very forceful and inspiring style.
(ii) The Powada composed by – Adnyandas, a contemporary poet of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj which narrated the incident of Afzal Khan’s death and battle of Simhgarh composed by Tulsidas are very famous.
(iii) In the British period, Powadas narrating the stories of Umaji Naik, Chaphekar brothers and Mahatma Gandhi were composed.
(iv) During the Samyukta Maharashtra Movement the Powadas were used as a medium of creating public awareness.