Chapter 1 - The Earth and the Graticule
(A) Place a tick mark against the correct option.
(1) What term is used for the imaginary east-west horizontal lines on the earth?
Meridians
International Date Line
Parallels
Ans: Parallels
(2) What is the shape of the meridians?
Circular
Semicircular
Points
Ans: Semicircular
(3) What do the parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude together form on the globe?
Angular distance
Hemisphere
Graticule
Ans: Graticule
(4) How many parallels are there in the northern hemisphere?
90
89
91
Ans: 90
(5) Which circle forms the eastern and western hemispheres?
0° parallel and 180° meridian
0° Prime Meridian and 180° meridian
North and South Polar circles
Ans: 0° Prime Meridian and 180° meridian
(6) Which circle appears as a point on the globe?
Equator
North / South Pole
Prime Meridian
Ans: North / South Pole
(7) How many places on the earth may be located on 45°N parallel?
one
many
two
Ans: many
(B) Observe a globe and examine the following statements. Correct the wrong ones.
(1) Parallels of latitude lie parallel to the Prime Meridian.
Ans: Wrong.
Correct statement: Parallels of latitude lie parallel to each other.
(2) All parallels of latitude converge at the equator.
Ans: Wrong.
Correct statement: All parallels of latitude never converge at any of the parallels.
(3) Parallels and meridians are imaginary lines.
Ans: Right.
(4) 8° 4′ 65” is a north meridian.
Ans: Wrong.
Correct statement: 8°4′ 65″ is a north parallel of latitude.
(5) Meridians are parallel to each other.
Ans: Wrong.
Correct statement: Meridians are not parallel to each other as they converge at the poles.
(C) Find the correct graticule out of the following and put a tick mark against it.
Ans: First
(D) Answer the following :
(1) How will you express the latitude and longitude of the North Pole?
Ans: We will express the latitudes and longitudes of the North Pole as 90°N latitude and a longitude.
(2) How much is the angular distance between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn?
Ans: The angular distance between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn is 47°
(3) Using a globe, write down the names of the countries through which the equator passes.
Ans: The names of some countries through which the equator passes: Colombia, Brazil, Indonesia, Kenya, Somalia, etc.
(4) Write down the main uses of the graticule.
Ans: A graticule facilitates determining the location of a place on the earth.
(E) Complete the following table.
| Characteristics | Parallels of latitude | Meridians of longitude |
|---|---|---|
Shape | ||
Size | Size of each parallel is different. | |
Distance | Distance between two meridians is larger on the equator and the same decreases towards the Poles. |
Ans:
| Characteristics | Parallels of latitude | Meridians of longitude |
|---|---|---|
Shape | Parallels of latitudes are circular in shape. | Meridians of longitudes are semicircular in shape. |
Size | Size of each parallel is different. | Size of each meridian is the same. |
Distance | Distance between two adjacent parallels is the same everywhere. | Distance between two meridians is larger on the equator and the same decreases towards the Poles. |