Chapter 5 - The Foundation of the Swaraj
1. Find the odd man out.
(1) Pune, Supe, Chakan, Bengaluru
Ans: Bengaluru
(2) Jadhavs of Phaltan, Mores of Javali, Ghorpades of Mudhol, Sawants of Sawantwadi
Ans: Jadhavs of Phaltan
(3) Torana, Murumbdev, Sinhgad, Sindhudurg
Ans: Sindhudurg
2. Write about in your words:
(1) The efforts Veermata Jijabai took for Shivaji Maharaj’s education.
Ans:
(i) Veermata Jijabai was very particular about giving excellent education to Shivaji.
(ii) She instilled in him values like modesty, truthfulness, oratory, vigilance, courage, and fearlessness.
(iii) She saw that he was trained in the use of weapons.
(iv) She inspired in him the will to win and the dream of Swaraj.
(2) Shivaji Maharaj started his work of founding Swaraj in the Maval region.
Ans: Shivaji Maharaj started the work of founding the Swaraj in the Maval region because:
(i) The Maval region was a part of his Pune Jagir.
(ii) The terrain of Maval was full of hills and valleys and was not easily accessible.
(iii) He could make use of these geographical features very skillfully for founding the Swaraj.
3. List the companions and associates of Shivaji Maharaj.
Ans: The companions and associates who joined Shivaji Maharaj in his work of founding the Swaraj were Yesaji Kank, Baji Pasalkar, Bapuji Mudgal, Narhekar Deshpande brothers, Kavji Kondhalkar, Jiva Mahala, Tanaji Malusare, Kanhoji Jedhe, Bajiprabhu Deshpande and Dadaji Narasprabhu Deshpande.
4. Find out and write.
(1) Why Shahaji Maharaj is termed a Swaraj visionary.
Ans: Shahajiraje himself aspired to establish ‘Swaraj’ by ousting the power of the foreign people. Therefore, he is termed a Swaraj visionary.
(2) Shivaji Maharaj paid attention to building a Navy.
Ans:
(i) After the conquest and capture of Kalyan and Bhiwandi on the Konkan coast, Shivaji Maharaj came into contact with the Siddi, the Portuguese, and the British powers on the western coast.
(ii) He realised that in order to fight these powers, it was necessary to have a strong naval force.
(iii) Therefore, Shivaji Maharaj paid attention to building a navy.
(3) Shivaji Maharaj entered into a treaty with the Adilshah.
Ans:
(i) Shaistakhan, the Mughal Sardar, invaded Pune province and trapped it at Panhala.
(ii) After managing to escape from the siege laid by Siddi Jauhar, he realized that it would not be prudent to fight two enemies at the same time.
(iii) Therefore, Shivaji Maharaj entered into a treaty with Adilshah.
(4) How Shivaji Maharaj escaped from Panhalgad.
Ans:
(i) Siddi’s army laid siege to the Panhala fort for about five months.
(ii) Shivaji Maharaj found himself trapped inside the fort.
(iii) Netoji Palkar tried to raise the siege by attacking Siddi’s army from outside, but Siddi showed no signs of relenting.
(iv) So Shivaji Maharaj opened talks with Siddi Jauhar.
(v) This led to slackness in the siege around Panhalgad.
(vi) Taking advantage of this situation, Shivaji Maharaj managed to escape from Panhala.