Chapter 9 - Last Phase of Struggle for Independence
1. Rewrite the statements by choosing the appropriate options
(Andaman and Nicobar, August Kranti, Vinoba Bhave)
(1) ………….. was the first satyagrahi of Individual satyagraha.
Ans: Vinoba Bhave
(2) The nation wide movement of 1942 is also called ………….. .
Ans: August Kranti
(3) In November 1943, Japan conquered ………….. islands and handed them over to Azad Hind Government.
Ans: Andaman and Nicobar
2. Explain the following statements with reasons.
(1) In November 1939, provincial ministers of Indian National Congress gave their resignations.
Ans:
(i) Viceroy Lord Linlithgo declared in 1939 that India had joined the Second World War on the side of England, without consulting the Indian leaders.
(ii) England claimed that it was fighting to save democracy in Europe.
(iii) Thereupon, the Congress claimed that if that claim is true, England should grant independence to India immediately.
(iv) So the provincial ministries of the Indian National Congress resigned in November 1939, as England did not accept this demand.
(2) The Indian National Army had to lay down their arms.
Ans:
(i) The Indian National Army fought against the British in adverse circumstances under the leadership of Subhash Chandra Bose.
(ii) The Imphal Campaign of the Indian National Army remained incomplete as the Japanese stopped helping the Indian National Army.
(iii) In the same period, Japan accepted defeat in the Second World War.
(iv) On August 18, 1945, Subhash Chandra Bose died in a plane crash.
(v) Under these circumstances, the soldiers of the Indian National Army had to lay down their arms.
(3) The Parallel Government became a source of inspiration to the people.
Ans:
(i) During the Quit India Movement, parallel governments were established in many parts of India.
(ii) It rendered great service by opposing money lenders, prohibiting liquor, spreading literacy, opposing caste distinctions, etc.
(iii) Due to this, the parallel government became a source of inspiration for the public.
3. Complete the following table.
| Organisation | Founder |
|---|---|
Forward Bloc | |
Indian Independence League | |
Toofan Sena |
Ans:
| Organisation | Founder |
|---|---|
Forward Bloc | Subhash Chandra Bose |
Indian Independence League | Rash Behari Bose |
Toofan Sena | Krantiagrani G.D. alias Bapu Lad |
4. Answer the following questions in brief.
(1) How do you find the contribution of Shirishkumar to be inspirational ?
Ans:
(i) Under the leadership of Shirishkumar, the school children took out a procession holding the tricolour flag at Nandurbar.
(ii) “Vande Mataram” was the slogan given to them.
(iii) The police fired on them. In the firing, Shirishkumar and many other children became martyrs.
(iv) His sacrifice gives inspiration to us to do work for the society and country.
(v) Gaining independence is no longer our objective, but keeping the environment clean, maintaining unity among people, and collectively solving problems is our responsibility.
(vi) As all this is equally challenging, we get inspiration from the courage and determination of Shirishkumar.
(vii) Shirishkumar inspires us to do our work fearlessly without being a victim of injustice and oppression.
(viii) He also inspires us to make sacrifices, have faith in our work, and have determination.
(2) Why did the British Prime Minister send Sir Stafford Cripps to India ?
Ans:
(i) During the Second World War, England sided with America against Japan.
(ii) As England was ruling India, there was the possibility of Japan attacking India.
(iii) The Japanese forces came closer to the eastern border of India.
(iv) It was necessary to have the cooperation of India to resist the Japanese invasion.
(v) Therefore, the British Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, sent Sir Stafford Cripps to India in March 1942.
(3) What kind of reaction was seen during the spread of news of the arrest of main leaders of the Indian National Congress ?
Ans:
(i) The Quit India Resolution, moved by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, was passed on August 8 with an overwhelming majority.
(ii) On the same night, the leaders of the Indian National Congress were arrested.
(iii) The news of these arrests aroused strong resentment.
(iv) The angry people took out processions, tried to take control of government offices, and attacked jails, police stations, and railroad stations.
(v) School children took out processions and shouted “Vande Mataram.”
(vi) Even though the police resorted to lathi charges and firing, the people were not afraid. The young and the old showed determination and courage.