THEOREMS

Property of Three Parallel Lines and their Transversals

Theorem : 

The ratio of the intercepts made on a transversal by three parallel lines is equal to the ratio of the corresponding intercepts made on any other transversal by the same parallel lines.

Property of Three Parallel Lines and their Transversals

Given :

line l || line m || line n and t\(_1\) and t\(_2\) are transversals.
Transversal t\(_1\) intersects the lines in points A, B, C and t\(_2\) intersects the lines in points P, Q, R.

To prove :

\(\large \frac {AB}{BC}\) = \(\large \frac {PQ}{QR}\)

Construction: 

Draw seg PC, which intersects line m at point D.

Proof :

In ∆ACP, 

line BD || line AP

∴ \(\large \frac {AB}{BC}\) = \(\large \frac {PD}{DC}\) … (i) [By Basic proportionality theorem]

 

In ∆ CPR, 

line DQ || line CR

∴ \(\large \frac {PD}{DC}\) = \(\large \frac {PQ}{QR}\) … (ii) [By Basic proportionality theorem]

 

∴ \(\large \frac {AB}{BC}\) = \(\large \frac {PD}{DC}\) = \(\large \frac {PQ}{QR}\) … [from (i) and (ii)]

 

∴ \(\large \frac {AB}{BC}\) = \(\large \frac {PQ}{QR}\)

Hence proved