The largest living organism on Earth is a remarkable fungus located in Oregon, known as Armillaria ostoyae, commonly referred to as the honey fungus. This colossal organism spans an astonishing 2,385 acres (965 hectares) in the Malheur National Forest. It was discovered in 1998 by researchers who were investigating tree mortality caused by the fungus.

Armillaria ostoyae thrives by forming a network of underground mycelium, which are thread-like structures that spread out from a central point. This mycelium network is responsible for breaking down organic matter, such as dead trees and fallen leaves, and absorbing nutrients. Over time, it grows and expands, leading to the creation of what is essentially a giant fungal organism.

The Oregon honey fungus’s impressive size is due to its extensive underground network rather than its visible fruiting bodies, which are mushrooms that appear above ground. These fruiting bodies are relatively small compared to the entire organism. Despite their size, these mushrooms are often overlooked, as the majority of the fungus remains hidden below the soil.

The enormous size of this fungus showcases the incredible diversity and adaptability of life on Earth. It also highlights the importance of fungi in ecosystems, particularly their role in nutrient cycling and decomposing organic material. The honey fungus is a testament to the hidden, yet immense, world of microorganisms that operate beneath our feet, shaping the natural world in ways we are only beginning to understand.